USB 3 devices can create wireless interference that affects Wi-Fi and Bluetooth devices.
Others need more power than your Mac can provide. Some devices can be powered by the USB port on your Mac.
If your device came with an AC power adapter, use it.
Check with the maker of your device, and install all available Apple software updates as well.
Some devices need their own software, such as drivers or firmware.
Plug the device directly into your Mac instead of a USB hub or other device, and if necessary test with a different USB port on your Mac or device.
Test with another cable or adapter, if available.
Check all connections: Unplug the device from your Mac, then plug it back in, and make sure that all cables and adapters are securely connected at both ends.
If your Mac doesn't recognize a USB device after you plug it into your Mac: